{"id":141,"date":"2017-01-04T11:33:19","date_gmt":"2017-01-04T11:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bataille-de-sedan.net\/bswp\/?page_id=141"},"modified":"2017-02-27T06:10:24","modified_gmt":"2017-02-27T06:10:24","slug":"la-bataille-de-sedan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/bataille-de-sedan.net\/index.php\/la-bataille-de-sedan\/","title":{"rendered":"La bataille de Sedan"},"content":{"rendered":"

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La bataille de Sedan<\/h1>\n
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La bataille de Sedan eut lieu le 1er septembre 1870 entre l\u2019arm\u00e9e dite de Ch\u00e2lons<\/em>, parce que c\u2019est au camp militaire de Ch\u00e2lons que s\u2019\u00e9taient reconstitu\u00e9s les d\u00e9bris de l\u2019arm\u00e9e d\u2019Alsace, d\u00e9sorganis\u00e9e par la d\u00e9faite de Fr\u0153schwiller le 6 ao\u00fbt 1870, et, d\u2019autre part, une forte partie de l\u2019arm\u00e9e allemande, command\u00e9e par le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Moltke. Les forces fran\u00e7aises \u00e9taient d\u2019environ 120.000 hommes et les forces allemandes de plus de 200.000. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Mais qu\u2019est-ce que Sedan ? Une petite place du Nord fortifi\u00e9e, derri\u00e8re laquelle, le 31 ao\u00fbt 1870, est venue s\u2019entasser l\u2019arm\u00e9e de Ch\u00e2lons command\u00e9e par le mar\u00e9chal de Mac Mahon. Cette arm\u00e9e repr\u00e9sente moins de la moiti\u00e9 des forces fran\u00e7aises ; l\u2019autre plus forte moiti\u00e9, l\u2019arm\u00e9e du mar\u00e9chal Bazaine, est d\u00e9j\u00e0 plaqu\u00e9e contre les murs de Metz, que cernent 200.000 Allemands. Elle sera contrainte de capituler dans moins de deux mois. L\u2019arm\u00e9e de Ch\u00e2lons est donc la seule force op\u00e9rationnelle qui reste \u00e0 la France pour lutter contre l\u2019arm\u00e9e du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Moltke, d\u00e9j\u00e0 tr\u00e8s avanc\u00e9e sur le territoire national.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 les avertissements que lui donnent ses g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et les habitants, Mac Mahon a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de laisser reposer ses troupes entre les murs de Sedan et la for\u00eat qui s\u2019\u00e9tend jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re belge. Au d\u00e9sespoir des plus perspicaces de ses officiers, il n\u2019a pr\u00e9vu ni plan d\u2019op\u00e9rations ni ligne de retraite et ne veut pas croire \u00e0 l\u2019importance et \u00e0 la proximit\u00e9 des troupes allemandes. Il n\u2019attache non plus aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 cette particularit\u00e9 prussienne de l\u2019art de combattre, qui consiste \u00e0 envelopper l\u2019ennemi de toutes parts, puis \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9craser avec sa puissante artillerie. Si l\u2019arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise est entour\u00e9e par les forces allemandes, elle est perdue. Mais Mac Mahon ne veut rien entendre : s\u2019il faut combattre, on combattra.<\/p>\n

Le combat va commencer le lendemain, 1er septembre, d\u00e8s 4 heures du matin. Attaqu\u00e9e, l\u2019arm\u00e9e de Mac Mahon va \u00eatre peu \u00e0 peu entour\u00e9e et compl\u00e8tement cern\u00e9e \u00e0 midi. Un bombardement syst\u00e9matique sera alors concentr\u00e9 sur les Fran\u00e7ais qui, malgr\u00e9 leur courage et des actions h\u00e9ro\u00efques, seront refoul\u00e9s vers les remparts de Sedan. Vers 4 heures, pour en finir, le roi Guillaume fait bombarder la ville et vers 6 heures, les combats s\u2019arr\u00eatent ; l\u2019arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise est enti\u00e8rement d\u00e9sorganis\u00e9e et terriblement \u00e9prouv\u00e9e: environ 3.000 tu\u00e9s, 7.000 bless\u00e9s. L\u2019Empereur Napol\u00e9on III remet son \u00e9p\u00e9e au Roi de Prusse et le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Wimpffen, qui a revendiqu\u00e9 le commandement apr\u00e8s que Mac Mahon eut \u00e9t\u00e9 bless\u00e9, ira n\u00e9gocier les conditions de reddition aupr\u00e8s du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Moltke et de Bismarck ; celles-ci seront impitoyables : toute l\u2019arm\u00e9e \u2014 plus de 80.000 hommes \u2014 sera prisonni\u00e8re et le mat\u00e9riel sera livr\u00e9 au vainqueur.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la suite de cette d\u00e9faite, le gouvernement imp\u00e9rial s\u2019\u00e9croulera, l\u2019Imp\u00e9ratrice r\u00e9gente s\u2019enfuira et les d\u00e9put\u00e9s r\u00e9publicains, ramassant le pouvoir, les quelques maigres troupes qui restent et faisant appel au patriotisme des Fran\u00e7ais, rel\u00e8veront le d\u00e9fi : on continuera le combat<\/em>. Ce sera la seconde partie de la guerre, celle du gouvernement de la D\u00e9fense nationale.<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”45″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center” style=”vc_box_shadow” onclick=”link_image”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1488175822455{padding-bottom: 57px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″]CALL NOW<\/a>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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